Quad Rugby

Wheelchair rugby developed in Canada in 1977. Originally called murderball, quad rugby is based on the fact that all  rugby players need to have a disability that includes at least some loss of function in at least three limbs, most athletes are medically classified as quadriplegics. Quad rugby is played indoors on a hardwood court. Wheelchair rugby is mostly played by two teams of up to twelve players. Only four players from each team may be on the court at any time. It is a mixed gender sport, and both male and female athletes play on the same teams. Physical contact between wheelchairs is permitted, and forms a major part of the game. Many players use custom made sports wheelchairs that are specifically designed for wheelchair rugby. Key design features include a front bumper, designed to help strike and hold opposing wheelchairs, and wings, which are positioned in front of the main wheels to make the wheelchair more difficult to stop and hold. All wheelchairs must be equipped with spoke protectors, to prevent damage to the wheels, and an anti-tip device at the back. The wheelchair rugby ball is identical in size and shape to a regulation volleyball only over inflated to increase the bounce of the ball. There are currently more than 24 active countries competing in wheelchair rugby.